Recent Readings in Dance Education, Teaching All Learners, Developing Diverse Skills, Knowledge and Intelligences

A number of current issues in dance education have been on my mind this last year, including how to teach the art of dance to all learners and how to develop a network of academic and life skills through dance. I rely on selected resources to fuel my teaching and dancing practice and thought I would share some that I have found the most thought-provoking and practical. My intention is to continue to share favorite relevant resources in the form of an annotated bibliography or brief articles going forward to support other dance educators, teachers, and practitioners.

Themes of teaching all learners, developmental stages, disabilities
·      Autism - PECS
·      Physical Disabilities – Principle-Based
·      Special Needs
·      Ritual
·      Assistants
·      Dance as Art
·      Structures (5-step lesson plan, KNOW, Braindance)

1) “Using a Principle-Based Method to Support a Disability Aesthetic”
JODE vol.15 #3 p.87 Bailey Anderson

Disability aesthetic supports the embodiment of dancers with disabilities by allowing their bodies to set guidelines of beauty and value.
Principle-based work is a methodology focusing on qualities, aesthetic ideas, and concepts for creative and technical practice. Blend between improvisation and finding specificity of movement styles

2) “Dance in Women’s Correctional Facilities”
DEP vol.2 #1 p.12 JoAnne Tucker

15-min jazz-based warmup, short dance, lecture/demo on modern dance exploring basic elements of movement, tools for later improv work and creating phrases for piece (example was on the subject of forgiveness). Small group work, performance, question/answer session. Session listed as “stress management,” emotional state movement themes, labyrinth.

3) “Special Needs and Dance: An Insider’s Perspective”
JODE vol.15 #3 p.110 Judith Nelson

Teaches students with disabilities and is parent of child with disability, children’s learning center, EASE program, Mark Morris. Provides many teaching tips.
Teaching team includes assistant teacher, live musician, parent helpers.
Works with Autism, Downs, developmental delays, visual impairment, ADD/ADHS, learning disabilities, etc. teaching Dance as ART using Anne Green Gilbert’s “Braindance,” 5-part lesson plan, Creative Dance for All Ages, Brain-Compatible Dance Education.

Start in seated circle, greeting, word of the day (LMA), then
1.    “Braindance” Warm-up
2.    Creative Exploration
3.    Skills
4.    Creating
5.    Relaxation/Review/Reflection

Know what’s important, let the rest go, don’t dwell on perfectionism/details
Notice, use, create every learning opportunity, be in-the-moment, make connections
One thing at a time (conversation, prompt, focus, step)
Wait…and see what happens- need time to process before responding, give time to perform movement independently

4) “Developing and Sustaining an Inclusive Dance Program: Strategic Tools and Methods” JODE vol.15 #3 p. 122
Mary Lynne Morris, Marion Balderon, Dwayne Schenneman

Collaborative educational philosophy and curricular structure influenced by: Adam Benjamin, Laban/Bartenieff, Anne Green Gilbert.
Braindance Warm-up, conceptual approach/principle-based, “find their own” tendu, etc.

·      Life Skills: social, respect/boundaries, trust, confidence, joy of movement/play, independence, leading/following, listening, problem-solving/creativity, self-awareness
·      Movement/Training Goals: language of dance/vocabulary (ballet/modern), postural control, organization/shaping/forms of body, travelling skills, dynamics, musical/rhythmic awareness, exposure to dance environments, movement invention, improv/partnering
·      Classroom Practices: TAs, props, floorwork, ritual, play and creativity, repetition and appropriate progression
·      Program Elements: consistency, parental involvement, collaboration/integration with dance and disability community

Themes of dancing to develop…
·      Literacy
·      Numeracy
·      Motor Skills
·      Socio-emotional Behavior
·      Cultural Literacy
·      Critical Thinking
·      Character
·      Ownership
·      Responsibility

5) “Dance and Literacy Hand in Hand: Using Uncommon Practices to Meet the Common Core”
JODE vol. 6 #1 p.31 Janet H. Adams

Creative link between dance and writing, increased emphasis on linguistic connections to dance, developmental link among pictures, symbols, letters for literacy acquisition, students learn to “analyze, evaluate, refine, and document their work,” establish structures of learning, emphasis on constructing meaning through semiotic activities.

6) “A Model for Successful Dance Residencies with a Focus on Math Literacy”
DEP vol.1 #4 p.16 Sharon Miller

8-10 week residency in PE timeslot, creative movement K-1, rhythm tap 2nd-3rd graders, listening skills, how time can be divided, meet Common Core Curriculum Content Standards, demo/informance, evaluations.

7) “The Wiggle Jig: A Comprehensive Outreach Program Developed by Ballet Met” DEP vol.2 #1 p.6 Ambre Emory-Maier and Elle Pierman

The Wiggle Jig brings dance into early childhood education classrooms, enhancing students’ social, motor, and cognitive learning and developing self-expression and critical thinking. Conducted in Public Schools and Head Start programs via 10-, 20- or 25-week programs, one class per week, taught by 2 dance educators and one musician.
Literacy companion book “Leap and Twirl”, somatic, brain-based curriculum, pre-K animal moves rubric, literacy, STEM learning modules, neuromotor skill gains, measurable outcomes.

8) “Using Dance to Create Ownership, Responsibility, and Character”
DEP vol.1 #4 p.9 Typhani Harris

Character building, persistence, composition, mind-mapping, self-control, respect, conscientiousness, responsibility, ownership, grit, confidence

9) “What Does Dance History Have to do with Dancing? Making College Dance History Usable for Dancers”
JODE vol.16 #3 p.3 Elizabeth Kattner

Movement components that have proven successful in introductory courses can be extended to in-depth studies of dance history with dancers who have formal training. Research projects, exploring history through movement in conjunction with archival material, photos, books, papers and videos, incorporate into studio sessions.
Fleeting nature of performing arts, reconstruction, learning to choreograph by studying a master, working with primary and secondary sources.
Goals:
1.    Tools to visualize dances without film documentation
2.    Historical documentation combined with studio work
3.    Introduce primary and secondary source research to students
4.    Demonstrate how choreographic structure relates to cultural and social norms
5.    Explore reconstruction methods: photos, text, music…
6.    Introduce work of a master as he (Balanchine) developed his choreographic voice

Website recommendation:
“Accelerated Motion: Toward a New Dance Literacy in America”

Additional resources:

Review of “Dancing to Learn: The Brain’s Cognition, Emotion, and Movement” JODE vol.6 #1 p.36
Affect of dance on development of the Mind:
1.    Dance is means of communication with structural and functional relations to verbal language
2.    Dance is physical exercise with thinking and emotional expression
3.    Dance is a means of coping with stress

“LMA: The Literacy of Thinking Through Movement”
DEP vol.2 #1 p.25

Artistic Literacy is a core principle embedded in the new Core Arts Standards.
·      LMA is systematic approach to learning, embodying and applying four aspects/literacies of Laban theory: body, effort, shape, and space
·      Labanotation is literacy to preserve, enrich, and secure dance
·      Language of Dance by Ann Hutchinson Guest grows technical and artistic embodiment and literacy, integrating graphic notation of movement alphabet concepts

Review of Discovering Dance text
DEP vol.1 #4 p.27

“iMovie supports the choreographic process”
DEP vol.1 #3 p.26

“The Pros and Cons of Student Performances”
DEP vol.2 #1 p.22

“Pay Rates for Dance Teachers”
DEP vol.1 #4 p.24

The Art of the Changing Brain James Zull



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